Izizathu Ezingemuva Kweshalofu Elihlukile Ukuphila Kweziphuzo Ezitolo

Impilo yeshalofu yeziphuzo ezitolo ivame ukuhluka ngenxa yezinto ezimbalwa, ezingahlukaniswa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

1. Izindlela Zokucubungula Ezihlukene:

Indlela yokucubungula esetshenziselwa isiphuzo ithinta kakhulu impilo yaso yeshalofu.

• UHT(Ukushisa Okuphezulu Okuphezulu) Iyacubungula: Iziphuzo ezicutshungulwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-UHT zishiselwa kumazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu (imvamisa engu-135°C kuya ku-150°C) isikhathi esifushane, zibulala ngempumelelo amagciwane nama-enzyme, ngaleyo ndlela andise impilo yeshalofu. Iziphuzo ezilashwe nge-UHT zingahlala izinyanga noma ngisho unyaka futhi ngokuvamile azidingi isiqandisi. Le ndlela ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ubisi, ikhofi eselilungele ukuphuzwa, itiye lobisi, nezinye iziphuzo ezifanayo.
• I-HTST (Isikhathi Esifushane Sezinga Lokushisa Eliphezulu) Iyacubungula: Iziphuzo ezicutshungulwa kusetshenziswa i-HTST zishiselwa kuzinga lokushisa eliphansi (ngokuvamile elizungeze u-72°C) futhi zigcinwe isikhathi esifushane (amasekhondi angu-15 kuya kwangu-30). Nakuba le ndlela iphumelela ekubulaleni amagciwane, ayinamandla njenge-UHT, ngakho-ke impilo yeshalofu yalezi ziphuzo ivamise ukuba mfushane, ngokuvamile edinga isiqandisi futhi ihlala izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuya emavikini. I-HTST ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ubisi olusha kanye nezinye iziphuzo ezine-asidi ephansi.
• I-ESL (Impilo Yeshelufu Enwetshiwe) Iyacubungula: Ukucubungula kwe-ESL kuyindlela yokwelapha ukushisa ewela phakathi kwe-pasteurization yendabuko ne-UHT. Iziphuzo zishiselwa emazingeni okushisa aphakathi kuka-85°C no-100°C imizuzwana embalwa ukuya emaminithini. Le ndlela iwabulala ngempumelelo ama-microorganisms amaningi kuyilapho ilondoloza ukunambitheka nemisoco, inweba isikhathi seshelufu sibe amasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa, futhi ngokuvamile idinga isiqandisi. I-ESL isetshenziswa kakhulu ubisi, amatiye alungele ukuphuzwa, neziphuzo zezithelo.
• Ukucindezela Okubandayo: Ukucindezela okubandayo kuyindlela yokukhipha izithako zesiphuzo ngaphandle kokushisa, ngaleyo ndlela kugcinwe kangcono imisoco nama-flavour. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi akukho ukufakwa kwezinga lokushisa okuphezulu okuhilelekile, ama-microorganisms angase akhule kalula, ngakho-ke iziphuzo ezicindezelwe ngokubanda zineshalofu elifushane kakhulu, ngokuvamile izinsuku ezimbalwa kuphela, futhi zidinga ukufakwa esiqandisini. Ukucindezela okubandayo kuvamise ukusetshenziselwa amajusi asekulungele ukuphuzwa kanye neziphuzo zezempilo.
• I-Pasteurization: Ezinye iziphuzo zisebenzisa i-pasteurization yezinga lokushisa eliphansi (imvamisa ephakathi kuka-60°C no-85°C) ukuze zibulale ama-microorganisms esikhathini eside. Lezi ziphuzo zivame ukuba nempilo yeshelufu ende uma ziqhathaniswa neziphuzo ezicindezelwa ngokubanda kodwa zisezimfushane kunemikhiqizo elashwe nge-UHT, ngokuvamile ehlala kusukela emavikini ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni. I-Pasteurization ivame ukusetshenziselwa imikhiqizo yobisi neziphuzo.

2. Indlela Yokugcwalisa:

Indlela yokugcwalisa inomthelela oqondile empilweni yeshalofu yesiphuzo kanye nezimo zokugcina, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokwelashwa kokushisa.

• Ukugcwalisa Okushisayo: Ukugcwalisa okushisayo kuhilela ukugcwalisa iziqukathi ngeziphuzo eziye zashiswa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, okulandelwa ukuvala ngokushesha. Le ndlela ivimbela ukungena komoya kanye nokungcola kwangaphandle, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise impilo yeshalofu. Ukugcwaliswa okushisayo kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ubisi oselulungele ukuphuzwa, iziphuzo, namasobho, ngokuvamile ngokuhambisana ne-UHT noma imithi ye-ESL.
• Ukugcwaliswa Okubandayo: Ukugcwaliswa okubandayo kuhilela ukugcwalisa iziqukathi ngeziphuzo ezipholile futhi kuqinisekiswe uphawu oluqinile. Le ndlela ngokuvamile idinga indawo eyinyumba futhi isetshenziselwa iziphuzo ezingalashwa ngokushisa, njengamajusi acindezelwe ngokubanda. Njengoba lezi ziphuzo zingazange zifakwe inzalo ekushiseni, kufanele zigcinwe esiqandisini futhi zibe neshalofu isikhathi esifushane.
• Ukugcwaliswa kwe-Aseptic: Ukugcwaliswa kwe-Aseptic kusho ukugcwalisa iziqukathi endaweni eyinyumba, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa umoya oyinyumba noma uketshezi ukuze kuqedwe noma yimaphi ama-microorganisms ngaphakathi kwesitsha. Ukugcwaliswa kwe-Aseptic kuvame ukuhlanganiswa nokucutshungulwa kwe-UHT noma kwe-ESL, okuvumela iziphuzo ukuthi zigcinwe endaweni yokushisa yegumbi isikhathi eside. Le ndlela ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ubisi oselulungele ukuphuzwa, amajusi ezithelo, nezinye iziphuzo ezifanayo.
• Ukugcwaliswa kweVacuum: Ukugcwalisa i-vacuum kuhilela ukugcwalisa isitsha nokudala i-vacuum ngaphakathi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungena komoya. Ngokunciphisa ukuthintana nomoya, impilo yeshalofu yomkhiqizo inwetshiwe. Le ndlela isetshenziselwa imikhiqizo edinga impilo yeshelufu ende ngaphandle kokwelashwa okunezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, njengokunye ukudla okuwuketshezi.

3. Indlela yokupakisha:

Indlela isiphuzo esipakishwa ngayo nayo ithinta impilo yaso eshalofini.

• Ukupakisha Okuvaliwe: Amaphakheji avaliwe (okufana ne-aluminium foil noma ifilimu eyinhlanganisela) isiza ukuvimbela umoya, ukukhanya, kanye nomswakama ekungeneni esitsheni, kunciphisa ukukhula kwe-microbial futhi ngaleyo ndlela kunwebe impilo yeshalofu. Iziphuzo ezine-UHT ngokuvamile zisebenzisa amaphakheji avaliwe, angagcina imikhiqizo iyintsha izinyanga.
• I-Glass noma i-Plastic Bottle Packaging: Uma ukupakishwa kungavalwanga kahle, isiphuzo singahlangana nomoya kanye namabhaktheriya angaphandle, sifinyeze impilo yaso yeshalofu.
• Iziphuzo Ezisemabhodleleni Zokuqandisa: Ezinye iziphuzo zidinga isiqandisi ngisho nangemva kokupakishwa. Lezi ziphuzo zingase zingabi nawo amaphakheji avalwe ngokuphelele noma kungenzeka azizange ziphathwe ukushisa okunamandla, okuholela ekuphileni kweshelufu okufushane.

4. Izithasiselo nama-Preservatives:

Imikhiqizo eminingi yeziphuzo isebenzisa izilondolozi noma izithasiselo ukuze inwebe isikhathi sayo seshalofu.

• Izilondolozi: Izithako ezifana ne-potassium sorbate ne-sodium benzoate zivimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane, ngaleyo ndlela andise impilo yeshalofu yesiphuzo.
• Ama-Antioxidants: Izithako ezifana ne-vitamin C kanye ne-vitamin E zivimbela i-oxidation yemisoco esiphuzweni, igcina ukunambitheka nokuzinza kombala.
• Awekho Ama-Preservatives Angeziwe: Eminye imikhiqizo yesiphuzo ithi “azinasivikeli” noma “zemvelo,” okusho ukuthi awekho ama-preservatives anezelwayo, futhi lokhu kuvame ukuba nesikhathi esifushane seshelufu.

5. Ukwakhiwa Kwesiphuzo:

Izithako ezisesiphuzweni zinquma ukuthi sikonakala kangakanani.

• Ubisi Oluhlanzekile Nemikhiqizo Yobisi: Ubisi oluhlanzekile neminye imikhiqizo yobisi (njengeyogathi nama-milkshakes) iqukethe amaprotheni amaningi ne-lactose, okwenza kube lula ukukhula kwamagciwane. Ngokuvamile zidinga ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kokushisa ukuze kunwetshwe impilo yeshalofu.
• Iziphuzo Zezithelo kanye Netiye: Iziphuzo eziqukethe amajusi ezithelo, ushukela, ukunambitheka, noma imibala zingaba nezidingo ezihlukile zokulondoloza futhi zingathinta impilo yeshalofu kuye ngezithako ezithile ezisetshenzisiwe.

6. Isitoreji Nezimo Zokuthutha:

Ukuthi isiphuzo sigcinwa futhi sithuthwe kanjani kungaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yaso yeshalofu.

• Isiqandisi vs. Isitoreji Sezinga lokushisa Legumbi: Ezinye iziphuzo zidinga ukufakwa efrijini ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhula nokonakala kwamagciwane. Lezi ziphuzo ngokuvamile zibhalwe ukuthi “zidinga isiqandisi” noma “isiqandisi ngemva kokuthenga.” Iziphuzo ezilashwe nge-UHT, nokho, zingagcinwa ezingeni lokushisa legumbi isikhathi eside.
• Izimo Zokuthutha: Uma iziphuzo zivezwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ngesikhathi sokuthutha, impilo yazo yeshalofu ingase ibe mfushane, njengoba ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa okungalungile kungasheshisa ukubola.

7. Ukwakhiwa Nokucubungula Komkhiqizo:

Ukwakhiwa nokucutshungulwa kwesiphuzo nakho kunomthelela eshalofini laso.

• Iziphuzo zesithako esisodwa vs. Iziphuzo ezihlanganisiwe: Iziphuzo zesithako esisodwa (ezifana nobisi olumsulwa) zivame ukuqukatha izingxenye zemvelo eziningi futhi zingase zibe nesikhathi esifushane seshelufu. Iziphuzo ezihlanganisiwe (njengetiye lobisi, ubisi olunambithekayo, noma ikhofi eselilungele ukuphuzwa) zingazuza ezithakweni ezisiza ukwelula impilo yeshalofu.